Immunology

 Immunology

is the study of the immune system and is a very important branch of the medical and biological sciences. The immune system protects us from infection through various lines of defence. If the immune system is not functioning as it should, it can result in disease, such as autoimmunity, allergy and cancer.

 

4 types

    Active immunity. Immunity derived from antibodies generated by own body.

    Passive immunity. Immunity derived from antibodies from another body, such as given through mother's milk or artificial means (antivenom antibodies). ...

    Natural immunity. Antibodies generated due to a normal infection. Includes antibodies provided by mother through their colostrum, the initial breastmilk. Only protects for short time, but when infant is most vulnerable.

 

    Artificial immunity. Antibodies generated by receiving antigen in a vaccine/serum rather than a normal infection. Generally does not last as long as when generate antibodies from a natural infection.

 

The main parts of the immune system are: white blood cells, antibodies, the complement system, the lymphatic system, the spleen, the thymus, and the bone marrow.

 

Tests used to diagnose an immune disorder include: Blood tests. Blood tests can determine if you have normal levels of infection-fighting proteins (immunoglobulin) in your blood and measure the levels of blood cells and immune system cells. Abnormal numbers of certain cells can indicate an immune system defect.



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